摘　要：

本文以定性研究的方法分析近代日本都市商圈的形成过程以及民营铁路企业与百货零售业的关联性。在城市商圈发展的构成上，交通运输的便利性，大型零售业，尤其是百货公司扮演着不可或缺的重要角色。近代日本都市商圈形成的最大特色是民营铁路企业的参与。铁路公司业务的拓展除了交通运输以外，还延伸到了土地和商业房地产的开发。其多元化的经营改变了都市的传统商业格局。铁路企业经营房地产开发在英国等其他国家也有例可循，但兼营流通业却非常罕见。充分利用铁路沿线和车站的优势，打造出现代化的都市商圈是日本特有的多元化经营模式。

Abstract：

This study examines the formation process of the commercial districts in cities of Japan. In particular, it describes the important roles that private railway companies in Japan have played in the development and expansion of modern department stores. In addition to providing transportation infrastructure and services, the railroad companies extended their business scope into both real estate development and retail operations. This diversification transformed the traditional retail landscape in many Japanese cities. While it is not uncommon for railway companies to be engaged in real estate development （such as what has happened in the UK and some other countries）, it is quite unique that the Japanese railroad companies combined real estate development with the creation of commercial districts around railway stations.

关键词：

日本；都市计划；百货公司；商圈

Keywords：

Japan; Urban Planning; Department Store;Commercial District