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2014年第2期 后退

美国文化景观遗产的认定方法及其对我国的启示
The National Registration Method of American Cultural Landscape Heritage and Its Reference Value to China
作者: 奚雪松 张宇芳


摘 要:

文化景观是美国的一种重要的国家文化资产类型。为了使其更符合国家遗产登录制度的要求,国家公园管理局规定只有历史性景观才能被视为文化景观。文化景观的主要文化特征要有五十年以上的历史,要与美国历史上重要的人物、事件、设计倾向或是考古遗址有重要关联。围绕其遗产登录过程形成了一套完整的遗产认定方法。本文从遗产判别、评价与登录三个过程出发,对文化景观遗产认定过程中各步骤的重点进行了详细阐释。并指出了在中国文化景观遗产的认定工作中值得借鉴的几个方面。

Abstract:

Cultural landscape is an important national cultural property in the United States. National Park Service refines that definition to landscapes eligible for the National Register, only historic landscapes are treated as cultural landscapes. This means that they meet one or more criteria set out by the NR - the most fundamental being that it is a landscape whose primary cultural characteristics are fifty years or older and that it is associated with an important person,event,design or construction trend or archaeological site that is important in American history. And an integrated heritage register method has been formed by NPS. The paper introduces the steps and contents about heritage identification,evaluation and register in the whole heritage register,with the use for reference to the Chinese cultural heritage register and protection.

关键词:

文化景观遗产;遗产认定;遗产保护;美国

Keywords:

Cultural Landscape; Heritage Registration; Heritage Protection; The USA

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