摘　要：

住房保障是社会保障的重要组成部分，备受各级政府关注，基于不同目标的住房补贴政策研究也是学术界经久不衰的热门课题。本文从“砖头补贴”和“人头补贴”两类政策入手，总结欧美发达国家不同时期中低收入家庭住房补贴的目标与成效，认为在住房整体缺乏的状况下，进行“砖头补贴”能够取得良好收益，但是随着住房短缺情况的缓解，应逐步向“人头补贴”转化。中国现行住房补贴政策以“砖头补贴”为主，在目前市场住房供给比较紧缺的情况下，此类补贴能够起到较好效果。然而，根据发达国家经验并考虑政策效率，可逐步弱化对供给方的补贴，增添对需求方的补贴。

Abstract：

Housing security is an essential part of social security which is concerned by government and academia. Depending on the subsidies targeted, we summarize the key points and the effectiveness of housing subsidies in medium- and low-income households of United States, United Kingdom and other developed countries. It is concluded that“ Brick Subsidy” could tackle the overall lack of housings; however, “Head Subsidy” may be a better policy when the housing shortage eases. The main housing subsidy of China is “Brick Subsidy” which plays better results under the circumstances of current housing shortage. Thus, according to the experience of developed countries and the efficiency of policy, the housing subsidy in China may concentrate on strengthening the “Head Subsidy” while gradually weakening the subsidies to suppliers.

关键词：

住房补贴,中低收入家庭,砖头补贴,人头补贴

Keywords：

Housing Subsidy, Medium- and Low-income Households,Brick Subsidy, Head Subsidy