摘　要：

优化空间形态、减少碳排放已成为构建低碳城市的关键举措。国内外学者已经证实空间形态对交通碳排放的显著影响，但其对建筑碳排放影响方面的研究相对不足。本文通过对北京1 188 份家庭碳排放问卷进行统计分析，发现人均住房面积每增加1%，建筑碳排放增加0.48% ；家庭每增加1 人，建筑碳排放量增加27.54% ；家庭人均收入对于建筑碳排放有阶段性影响，呈曲线关系；人口密度与家庭建筑碳排放存在负向关系。因此，北京可通过构建紧凑型城市、加强房地产市场住房面积调控以及提升中高收入人群低碳意识等政策，降低家庭建筑碳排放，构建低碳城市。

Abstract：

To optimize urban form for reducing carbon emission becomes a key strategy in constructing low-carbon cities. The existing literature proves the significant impact of urban form on transportation carbon emission, however the studies about the impact on building carbon emission are limited. Based on 1 188 households survey data
collected from Beijing, this study found that the household building carbon emission increases 0.48% with the 1% increase in housing area per capita and increases 27.54% with one more people per household. It also has curve-shape relationship with household income per capita, and it is negatively related to urban population density. Therefore in order to reduce household building carbon emission and to develop a low-carbon city, Beijing could adopt the measures such as developing more compactly, limiting household area in real estate market, and promoting low-carbon lifestyle in the upper-middle class.

关键词：

城市形态；家庭建筑碳排放；家庭人均收入；低碳城市；北京

Keywords：

Urban Form; Household Building Carbon Emission; Household Income per Capita; Low-carbon Cities; Beijing